|
Warner of Grez (also Werner or Garnier of Grey or Gray) (died July 23, 1100) was a French nobleman from Grez-Doiceau, currently in Walloon Brabant in Belgium. He was one of the participants of the First Crusade, and died in Jerusalem a year after the crusade ended. In 1096 or 1097, Warner sold some of his land to a nearby church in return for a gold chalice worth 20¼ marks, which helped finance his expenses on the crusade.〔Alan V. Murray, "Money and logistics in the forces of the First Crusade: coinage, bullion, service, and supply, 1096-99", in ''Logistics of Warfare in the Age of the Crusades'', ed. John H. Pryor (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2006), pg. 234.〕 According to Albert of Aix, he was a relative of Godfrey of Bouillon, and accompanied him on the journey.〔Albert of Aachen, ''Historia Ierosolimitana'', ed. and trans. Susan B. Edgington (Oxford University Press, 2007), II.1, pg. 61.〕 He went with Godfrey to meet King Coloman of Hungary,〔Albert of Aachen, II.4, pg. 67.〕 and also to meet Byzantine emperor Alexius I Comnenus when they arrived at Constantinople.〔Albert of Aachen, II.15, pg. 85.〕 He was mentioned by Albert at the Siege of Nicaea in 1097〔Albert of Aachen, II.23, pg 97.〕 and at the Siege of Antioch in 1098.〔Albert of Aachen, II.23, pg 196.〕 William of Tyre says that when Fatimid envoys arrived from Egypt to meet the crusaders, Warner helped escort them back to the coast on their way home. However, Warner and the other escorts were ambushed by the inhabitants of the territory around Antioch when they were returning to the crusader camp.〔William of Tyre, ''A History of Deeds Done Beyond the Sea'', trans. Emily Atwater Babcock and August C. Krey (Columbia University Press, 1943), vol. 1, 5.4, pg. 229.〕 After the crusaders captured Antioch, they were in turn besieged by Kerbogha of Mosul, and Warner was part of the fifth division of the army that marched out to attack Kerbogha.〔William of Tyre, vol. 1, 6.17, pg. 287.〕 After the crusaders captured Jerusalem in 1099, Warner was one of the few who remained there with Godfrey. When Godfrey fell sick in 1100, Warner and Tancred, Prince of Galilee prepared a siege of Haifa with the Venetian fleet that had anchored at Jaffa. Warner became ill during the preparations and did not accompany the siege, but as Albert says, he was "conveyed to Jerusalem on a litter."〔Albert of Aachen, VII.20, pg. 515.〕 In Jerusalem, the new Latin Patriarch, Daimbert of Pisa, had made an agreement with Godfrey by which Jerusalem would become a possession of the church. When Godfrey died on July 18, Warner and others from Godfrey's retinue did not want Daimbert to take control, so they seized the Tower of David and prevented Daimbert from entering. According to William of Tyre, this was a shameful act and contrary to Godfrey's wishes, but it may actually have been what Godfrey wanted. Warner sent messengers to Godfrey's brother Baldwin, Count of Edessa, but then Warner also died, on July 23. William said that his death was a vindication of Daimbert's claims, although Godfrey's other supporters held the Tower until Baldwin arrived, and the city remained in secular hands.〔William of Tyre, vol. 1, 10.3, pp. 418–420.〕 Albert says Warner "was buried with honour and Christian ritual in the valley of Jehosaphat in the entrance of the church of St Mary the Virgin and mother of Jesus Christ."〔Albert of Aachen, VII.21, pg. 517.〕 Albert says he was "a soldier irreproachable in the art of war"〔Albert of Aachen, II.23, pg 97.〕 and William calls him a "valiant and intrepid warrior".〔William of Tyre, vol. 1, 10.3, p. 418.〕 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Warner of Grez」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|